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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
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Results for security guards
16 results foundAuthor: New York City Police Department, Counterterrorism Bureau Title: Active Shooter: Recommendations and Analysis for Risk Mitigation Summary: Active shooter attacks are dynamic incidents that vary greatly from one attack to another. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) defines an active shooter as “an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and populated area.” In its definition, DHS notes that, “in most cases, active shooters use firearms(s) and there is no pattern or method to their selection of victims.” The New York City Police Department (NYPD) has limited this definition to include only those cases that spill beyond an intended victim to others. The type of police response to an active shooter attack depends on the unique circumstances of the incident. In the event of such an attack, private security personnel should follow the instructions of the first-responders from the NYPD. Because active shooter attacks are dynamic events, the NYPD cannot put forward a single set of best-practices for private security response to such incidents. However, the NYPD has compiled a list of recommendations for building security personnel to mitigate the risks from active shooter attacks. The recommendations draw on previous studies of active shooter attacks and are presented in Part II. The NYPD developed these recommendations based on a close analysis of active shooter incidents from 1966 to 2010. This Compendium of cases, presented in the Appendix, includes 281 active shooter incidents. It is organized chronologically by type of facility targeted, including office buildings, open commercial areas, factories and warehouses, schools, and other settings. The NYPD performed a statistical analysis on a subset of these cases to identify common characteristics among active shooter attacks. This analysis is presented in Part III and the underlying methodology is presented in Part IV. The analysis found a large degree of variation among attacks across some broad categories, including: sex of the attacker, age of the attacker, number of attackers, planning tactics, targets, number of casualties, location of the attack, weapons used, and attack resolution. Details: New York: New York City Police Department, 2011. 179p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 2, 2011 at: http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/downloads/pdf/counterterrorism/ActiveShooter.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/downloads/pdf/counterterrorism/ActiveShooter.pdf Shelf Number: 120664 Keywords: PolicingPrivate SecuritySecurity GuardsShootingTerrorismViolent CrimeWeapons |
Author: Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy Title: Undertrained, Underpaid, and Unprepared: How L.A.’s Commercial Office Building Owners Are Failing Security Officers and Compromising Public Safety Summary: Since the tragic events of 9/11, and the more recent devastation of Hurricane Katrina, terrorism and emergency preparedness have been major issues for American cities. In Los Angeles, the U.S. Bank Tower downtown remains a top terrorist target, and the ever-present threat of a major earthquake underlines the need for an effective and well-prepared emergency response network. In Los Angeles’ commercial office buildings, hundreds of thousands of people work and visit every day. More than 10,000 private security officers in these buildings are on the front lines in an emergency, frequently making important decisions before police, fire, or any other emergency personnel arrive. Their responsibilities are varied and often critical — including securing entrances, leading tenants to safety during high-rise evacuations, monitoring activity inside and outside of the building, and coordinating with the city’s emergency personnel. Yet despite these essential duties, private security officers are undertrained, underpaid and unprepared —putting the safety and security of tenants and the general public at unnecessary risk. This report, based on an original LAANE survey of security officers in commercial office buildings and other research, reaches the following conclusions: High turnover rates among security officers lead to understaffing and a lack of experienced and trained personnel. Due to fierce competition and cost cutting among security contractors, security officers typically receive low wages and few benefits. As a result, security contractors have difficulty attracting and retaining employees, leading to high rates of employee turnover. • At the U.S. Bank Tower, the annual turnover rate is 60 percent. At least 10 of the recently hired officers in the building had not received any training on terrorism prevention at the time of this study. • In the other high-rise office buildings surveyed, turnover rates range from 90 percent to 243 percent annually. In the same buildings, turnover among janitors — who earn higher wages and receive free family health benefits — is 5 percent or lower. • Twenty-seven buildings—75 percent of the buildings surveyed—have security positions that are unfilled or filled by temporary “rovers” who are often unfamiliar with the buildings they are working in. • Officers report that building entry points are unguarded and security procedures are not performed. Training for officers is minimal, leaving them unprepared for emergencies and threatening public safety Lack of training, combined with high turnover rates, leads to an ill-equipped and largely inexperienced security workforce. This hampers efforts to coordinate with police, fire, and emergency personnel and leaves Los Angeles ill-prepared in the event of a crisis. • Security officers report that security contractors fail to provide the minimum hours of training required by state law. • Officers report that if they do receive training, it consists largely of open book tests and on-the-job training, rather than formal, classroom-based training that measures comprehension of the subject matter. • Under state law, training on emergency procedures—such as evacuation routes, CPR, and first aid—is optional, and training on counter-terrorism is minimal. These requirements are inadequate for office buildings housing hundreds of thousands of tenants and visitors in a major metropolitan area like Los Angeles. BOMA’s training program offers little substance and no accountability. Instead of working cooperatively with the city to make comprehensive improvements to security, the Building Owners and Managers Association of Greater L.A. (BOMA) has introduced its own training program, the Accredited Security Organization (ASO) program. • Officers report they have been given pins to wear that say “BOMA Security Accredited Training” without receiving any additional training. • Training components that are vital for the improvement of building safety such as “arrest, search and seizure,” “bomb/terrorist threats,” “emergency preparedness,” and “evacuation procedures” are merely electives—offering no guarantee that Los Angeles officers will undergo training in these critical areas. • The required training outlined in the ASO program is extremely vague, including “coaching,” “on-the-job-training,” and “informal supervisor-based training.” The report includes a number of recommendations to address the problems. Details: Los Angeles: Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy, 2006. 28p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 1, 2011 at: http://www.laane.org/downloads/UntertrainedStudy.pdf Year: 2006 Country: United States URL: http://www.laane.org/downloads/UntertrainedStudy.pdf Shelf Number: 121211 Keywords: Commercial BuildingsPrivate SecuritySecurity Guards |
Author: Cortese, Valter Title: The Modernisation of Work Organisation in the European Private Security Industry Summary: The objectives of this project were twofold: 1. To collect and analyse comparative data describing how work is organised, employment managed and operations regulated in all 27 countries of the European Union. A series of indicators, relating to socio-economic data, have been defined on working hours, job security, training, conditions of access to employment and collective relations. 2. To define and study, on the basis of case studies, innovatory aspects relating to the sector’s professionalisation and regulation, within the framework of the development of social dialogue. In this respect, particular attention has been paid to vocational training, as well as, in one case, the role played by technology in improving working conditions and the security of cash handling services. Details: Brussels:he Centre of Sociology of Work, Employment and Training of the Université Libre de Bruxelles METICES - TEF – ULB, 2009. 44p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 15, 2011 at: http://www.coess.org/pdf/VS2007-0235_MOWO_Final_Research_Report_EN.pdf Year: 2009 Country: Europe URL: http://www.coess.org/pdf/VS2007-0235_MOWO_Final_Research_Report_EN.pdf Shelf Number: 121356 Keywords: Private Security (Europe)Security Guards |
Author: Weber, Tina Title: A Comparative Overview of Legislation Governing the Private Security Industry in the European Union Summary: This document represents the draft final report of a project commissioned by the social partners in the European private security, CoESS and UNI Europa and funded by the European Commission. This report was drawn up in the context of the third European Conference on Private Security, which was held in Brussels on 12 and 13 December 2001. The key theme for the conference was the “harmonisation of the legal framework governing the private security industry”. Private security companies are increasingly operating in a multi-national environment, with ever-greater scope for cross-border activity. At the same time as operations are becoming more transnational, the legal framework governing the industry remains nationally based and displays significant differences from country to country. This raises problems in relation to the achievement of fair competition, freedom of movement and legal certainty in the performance of private security tasks. On the occasion of the Brussels conference, the social partners signed a Joint Declaration on the European harmonisation of legislation governing the private security sector. The aim of this study was to inform the conference and drafting of this joint declaration. Its objective was to provide the social partners with concise and yet comprehensive information on the legislation governing the operation of the private security industry in relation to: • Entrance requirements for firms • Restrictions on the background of owners and managers of private security companies • Restrictions on the background of operational staff • Performance requirements for companies • Minimum requirements for training and education • Regulations governing the wearing of uniforms • Legislation governing the use of fire arms • Provisions regarding the use of dogs on duty • Provisions relating to governing control and sanctions in the industry In addition, the study sought to gather information on the basic legislation or framework collective agreements governing working conditions in the sector relating to: • Working time (including working hours and breaks) • Minimum wage • Holiday entitlements and rights to time off • Employment protection • Part-time work • Temporary work • Bogus self-employment • Equal opportunities. Details: Birmingham, UK: ECOTEC Research and Consulting Ltd., 2002. 78p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 19, 2011 at: http://www.coess.org/pdf/final-study.PDF Year: 2002 Country: Europe URL: http://www.coess.org/pdf/final-study.PDF Shelf Number: 121399 Keywords: Private Security (Europe)Security Guards |
Author: Curtis, Matthew W. Title: An Econometric Analysis of the Efficacy of Parking Garage Security in Downtown Eugene, Oregon Summary: The Parking Services program for the City of Eugene currently hires DePaul security guards to patrol downtown Eugene parking facilities in order to record incidents and deter criminal activity. This paper conducts analysis to determine the existence of a deterrent effect from increased security presence, in addition to assessing the efficacy and efficiency of Parking Servicesʼ security guard allocation. Empirically we find a significant deterrent effect does exist, but this effect is not uniform. We find differences in the deterrent effect across categories of offenses as well as across different parking structures. Using these findings, we suggest various ways in which Parking Services can maximize the efficiency of its downtown security presence. Details: Eugene, OR: Department of Economics, University of Oregon, 2010. 29p. Source: Internet Resource: Honor's Thesis: Accessed May 17, 2011 at: http://economics.uoregon.edu/honors-papers/2010/Curtis-Siegel_security_2010.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://economics.uoregon.edu/honors-papers/2010/Curtis-Siegel_security_2010.pdf Shelf Number: 121732 Keywords: Parking GaragesSecurity GuardsTheft |
Author: Confederation of European Security Industries (CoESS) Title: Panoramic Overview of the Private Security Industry in the 25 Member States of the European Union Summary: With a view to the 4th European Conference on Private Security Services, organised by CoESS and UNI-Europa in Madrid on 14th and 15th October 2004, and with the recent enlargement of the European Union on 1st May 2004 in mind, the European representative social partners, CoESS and UNI-Europa, decided to produce a ‘Panoramic Overview’ of the private security industry in all 25 EU Member States. This panoramic overview aims to provide a general outline of the current situation of the private security industry in the individual Member States. It can thus be considered to be a short guide. The information presented must be concise and easy to consult both during and after the 4th European Conference. CoESS and UNI-Europa have therefore opted for a filing card system consisting of tagged information. This overview is the product of the above mentioned assignment and was completed with the ongoing commitment of CoESS and UNI-Europa and their national member organisations, and with the financial support of the European Commission (DG Employment and Social Affairs). This study aims to provide a general picture of the private security industry in each EU Member State concentrating on : the legal situation (both national and regional), the social situation (a.o. collective agreements), and the economic reality in the European Union since 1st May 2004. Its main concern is to look for similarities and differences in the above mentioned areas which may serve as focal points in the future development of a European model for the private security industry. Details: CoESS: 2004. 3 pts. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 15, 2011 at: http://www.coess.org/studies.htm Year: 2004 Country: Europe URL: http://www.coess.org/studies.htm Shelf Number: 122736 Keywords: Private Security (Europe)Security Guards |
Author: Rinehard, Britta Title: Armed Guards on Merchant Vessels Summary: The threat of piracy off the coast of Somalia, as well as in the Gulf of Aden (GoA), Horn of Africa (HoA) and the Indian Ocean has sparked a new discussion on the use of privately contracted armed security personnel (PCASP) on board merchant vessels to prevent pirates from successfully boarding and hijacking a vessel. Vessels with low freeboard and/ or low speed are more vulnerable to pirate attacks. Therefore hiring armed guards on these vulnerable vessels are more likely. However, employing private armed guards to protect commercial vessels traveling through pirate-prone waters is controversial for a number of reasons, such as legal issues, safety concerns for seafarers and varying national regulations. This paper will provide a brief overview of the on-going debate over the use of PCASPs as well as recent movements related to this matter. Details: Norfolk, VA: Civil-Military Fusion Centre (www.cimicweb.org), 2011. 10p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed on January 26, 2012 at https://www.cimicweb.org/Documents/CFC%20Anti-Piracy%20Thematic%20Papers/CFC_Anti-Piracy_Report_Armed%20Guards%20October%202011_Final_rmb.pdf Year: 2011 Country: International URL: https://www.cimicweb.org/Documents/CFC%20Anti-Piracy%20Thematic%20Papers/CFC_Anti-Piracy_Report_Armed%20Guards%20October%202011_Final_rmb.pdf Shelf Number: 123774 Keywords: Maritime CrimeMaritime SecurityPiracy/PiratesPrivate SecuritySecurity GuardsTransnational Crime |
Author: Burt, Geoff Title: From Private Security to Public Good: Regulating the Private Security Industry in Haiti Summary: Since the January 2010 earthquake in Haiti the demand for private security in Haiti has surged, says a new report [PDF] from the Centre for International Governance Innovation, a Canadian think tank. The study finds that while many countries rely heavily on private security companies to protect people and property, Haiti stands out for its heavy use of private contractors while providing little effective government oversight. Indeed, the security companies’ biggest clients include international organizations like the U.N., Western embassies and NGOs. But while international efforts have emphasized building and strengthening the Haitian infrastructure, the police force remains under staffed with 10,000 officers in a country of 10 million. About 12,000 guards work for private security firms. The report, “From Private Security to Public Good: Regulating the Private Security Industry in Haiti,” observes that the growth in private security has been driven by “the critical lack of public police personnel,” leading to a 7 to 8 percent anticipated annual growth rate for private security firms. And while private security guards, often armed with shotguns or handguns, are now a commonplace sight in Haiti’s capital of Port-au-Prince, private security firms are a surprisingly recent presence in Haiti. The report urges the Haitian government to impose laws stipulating the roles of private security companies, create strict guidelines for the licensing and storage of firearms, and provide mechanisms for the state to oversee the industry. Details: Waterloo, Ontario, Canada: The Centre for International Governance Innovation, 2012. 28p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 19, 2012 at: http://www.cigionline.org/sites/default/files/Paper_no9.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Haiti URL: http://www.cigionline.org/sites/default/files/Paper_no9.pdf Shelf Number: 125694 Keywords: PolicingPrivate Security (Haiti)Security Guards |
Author: Turbiville, Graham H., Jr. Title: Private Security Infrastructure Aborad: Criminal-Terrorism Agendas and the Operational Environment Summary: Worldwide private security organizations, ranging from unarmed security guards to "combat-capable" paramilitary groups, can act as a force multiplier to enhance security. A critical component of official and nonofficial security regimes is the role of government oversight in ensuring criminals and terrorists are unable to hijack private security organizations for their own objectives. A major problem is the ability of governments to manage or oversee these security elements, which varies significantly from country to country and region to region. In many countries, government control is almost nonexistent, creating an environment in which private security organizations are ripe for criminal or terrorist manipulation Details: Hurlburt Field, FL: Joint Special Operations University, 2007. 66p. Source: Internet Resource: JSOU Report 07-9: Accessed March 12, 2016 at: http://jsou.socom.mil/JSOU%20Publications/JSOU07-9turbivillePrivateSecurityAbroad_final30Nov.pdf Year: 2007 Country: International URL: http://jsou.socom.mil/JSOU%20Publications/JSOU07-9turbivillePrivateSecurityAbroad_final30Nov.pdf Shelf Number: 138197 Keywords: Criminal Networks Private Security Security GuardsTerrorism |
Author: Ojebode, A. Title: Explaining the Effectiveness of Community-Based Crime Prevention Practices in Nigeria Summary: n this study, we ask: how effective are community-based crime prevention practices and what explains their effectiveness or ineffectiveness? There is no shortage of community-based crime prevention (CBCP) practices in Africa. They come in a variety of forms and models: neighbourhood watches, vigilantes, religious and ethnic militias, and neighbourhood guards. However, whereas the failure of the criminal justice system and formal crime prevention is hardly debatable, the effectiveness of community-based crime prevention (CBCP) practices in Africa is still a subject of controversy despite the widespread prevalence of these practices. We conceptualised effectiveness in terms of citizens’ perception of their safety and of the crime level in their community. We also included the extent to which they attribute these two to the CBCP in their communities. This measure has important limitations but given the problems of crime data sourcing and fidelity in Africa, we reluctantly left out official measures of crime rate reduction as an index of effectiveness of CBCP, focusing rather on the experiences and expressions of the citizens who daily bear the brunt of crimes. Details: Lima, Peru: ELLA (Evidence and Lessons from Latin America, 2016. 66p. Source: Internet Resource: Regional Evidence Papers; Accessed October 17, 2016 at: http://ella.practicalaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/20160519-REP-IBADAN-Explaining-the-effectiveness-of-CBCP.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Nigeria URL: http://ella.practicalaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/20160519-REP-IBADAN-Explaining-the-effectiveness-of-CBCP.pdf Shelf Number: 140863 Keywords: Community-Based Programs Crime Prevention Neighborhood Watch Security GuardsVigilante Groups |
Author: Hayes-Jonkers, Charmaine S. Title: Bouncers, Brutes and Brawn: Are bouncers being discriminated against in news reports? A critical discourse analysis Summary: Public perceptions of bouncers have been of thuggish, brutish men who like nothing better than to 'pound people into the pavement' or 'heave people out onto the street'. Arguably, Neanderthal-like perceptions of bouncers have prevailed over time, both in the eyes of the public and the eyes of the news media. Incidents of bouncers being involved in violent encounters, including deaths, have been well documented in the news media; most notably, the death of the Australian cricketer David Hookes in 2004. Links between bouncers, biker gangs and organised crime have also been identified and may well influence public perceptions of bouncers. Alcohol-related violence in the night-time economy is a complex social, cultural and structural problem that has no simple solution. Bouncers occupy a precarious and contradictory position as the protectors and minders of persons and property within the night-time economy. The news media is a powerful mechanism for influencing, producing and reproducing dominant ideological values and norms in relation to biases, discrimination and racism. This thesis employs a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) perspective and seeks to determine, through an in-depth analysis of news reports and a categorical qualitative analysis, if negative portrayals and discrimination through rhetorical and discursive strategies in the news media contribute to the public perception of bouncers as thugs. CDA seeks to uncover the political and ideological meanings behind talk and text. The aim of this research is to expose the underlying sociopolitical factors that are contributing to the vilification of bouncers in the news media in Australia. A manual, 'deep' qualitative analysis was conducted on 10 randomly selected news reports and 80 reports were analysed using the NVivo 10 qualitative software program. The manual analysis has indicated that rhetorical and discursive strategies are used in news reports to undermine bouncers' credibility and portray the industry as staffed with violent, undertrained, criminal individuals. Under- and over-statements, metaphors, and metonymic concepts, together with lexical choice, styles and structures are used freely by the news media to vilify, discriminate against and discredit bouncers. Bouncer 'voices' were excluded in news reports and only the 'voices' of credible 'experts' were quoted or 'heard' to legitimate journalists' claims of violent bouncers. The NVivo analysis showed 809 references to violence in the 80 news reports, with 233 'experts' cited or quoted in the text. There were 130 political abstractions and generalisations and 61 references to criminality. There were also 307 references to power being exerted over bouncers and 519 organisations mentioned in the text. Collectively, industry 'experts' distanced themselves from bouncers involved in violence and the bouncers responsible were 'blamed' for the violence, which supports the political ideology of responsibilisation. It is proposed that lack of state authority, low social status and working in an industry described as 'dirty work' contribute to social perceptions of bouncers as violent thugs. Details: Cairns, AUS: James Cook University, 2015. 272p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed March 3, 2017 at: http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/43775/1/43775-hayes-jonkers-2015-thesis.pdf Year: 2015 Country: Australia URL: http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/43775/1/43775-hayes-jonkers-2015-thesis.pdf Shelf Number: 141317 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, DisorderBouncersMasculinityNews MediaSecurity GuardsSecurity Personnel |
Author: Confederation of European Security Industries (CoESS) Title: The socio-economic added value of private security services in Europe Summary: It gives me great pleasure once again to pronounce the Fourth CoESS White Paper, 'The socio-economic added value of private security services in Europe', another success in the tradition of the launch of our White Papers at the occasion of the 'summits on private security services in Europe', organised by CoESS. After Paris, 15 December 2008, Stockholm, 8 December 2009, and Brussels, 10 December 2010, it is now Madrid's turn on 14-15 March 2013. This Fourth CoESS White Paper builds on the earlier impetus of those that have preceded it: 'La participation de la securite privee a la securite generale en Europe - Private security and its role in European security', - Private and public security in the Nordic countries' and - Private security in Belgium, a source of inspiration for Europe?'. The content of this Fourth CoESS White Paper does not break with the themes of its predecessors. This time we focus more, mostly from an economic perspective, on the added value of private security services in Europe. The core of this White Paper refers to the need for new ideas that are legitimately supported by existing scientific literature. The first part of the theoretical framework addresses the underlying discourse such as the risk society, integral security concern and nodal orientation, the concept of added value, supply-side and demand-side economics and the added value of private security services that embeds the latter's position in current security strategies adopted in and outside of Europe. The second part provides an update of the socio-economic added value of private security services. This is compiled using the morphology of private security services in clearly defined market segments as well as those still to be developed. The 'cost of crime' and the 'value selling' approach are explained in the context of the cost of crime and private security services. Furthermore, private security services invest in its employees as well as in technological developments, which means that the 'combined contract' strategy is becoming a reality. It is and continues to be obvious that this sector prioritises the vital importance of the human element. In this respect, we consider age, gender and salary policy as well as employment and economic growth. The value of education, training and/or lifelong learning is also discussed. We also address the added value of private security services and the public goods theory. Details: Wemmel, Belgium: CoESS, 2013. 27p. Source: Internet Resource: Fourth White Paper: Accessed September 27, 2017 at: www.coess.org Year: 2013 Country: Europe URL: www.coess.org Shelf Number: 147481 Keywords: Economic AnalysisPrivate SecuritySecurity GuardsSecurity Services |
Author: Te, Funk Title: Human Versus Technology: Comparing the Effect of Private Security Patrol and Crime Prevention Information System Over the Crime Level and Safety Perception Summary: Crime reduction became one of the major issues of the modern society. In order to achieve public reassurance, police forces all over the world are undertaking actions to involve citizens in crime prevention through community policing. In parallel, technological platforms were deployed in order to share crime-related information with the public and to support the development of problem-solving strategies. However, the impact of these initiatives in terms of crime reduction and perception has not been sufficiently investigated yet. Furthermore, up to now, no previous studies compared the effectiveness between the traditional approach of preventive patrolling and technology-based crime prevention solutions. Therefore, we present a study design which aims at assessing the effectiveness of the two aforementioned crime prevention measures. The goal is to evaluate and compare their effects over the local criminal activity and citizen's safety perception measured by Fear of Crime (FOC) and Perceived Risk of Victimization (PRV) constructs. Preliminary results show a rather low level of FOC across the whole sample, paired by a high level of PRV. Furthermore, potential explanatory background factors for the previous constructs have been identified and will be explored in future work. Details: Association for Information Systems, 2016. 12p. Source: Internet Resource: Research-in-Progress Papers. 48: Accessed October 17, 2017 at: https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1072&context=ecis2016_rip Year: 2016 Country: Switzerland URL: https://aisel.aisnet.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1072&context=ecis2016_rip Shelf Number: 147711 Keywords: Crime PreventionFear of CrimePolice TechnologyPreventive PatrolPrivate SecuritySecurity Guards |
Author: McMillen, Daniel Title: Do More Eyes on the Street Reduce Crime? Evidence from Chicago's Safe Passage Program Summary: Chicago's Safe Passage program attempts to ensure the safety of student traveling to and from schools by placing civilian guards along specified routes. The program was launched during the 2009-2010 school year and now serves 140 schools. We use data from more than 10 years of geocoded Chicago police reports and school level data to analyze the Safe Passage programs effects on crime rates and the rate of absenteeism from schools. Our findings suggest that the program is an efficient and cost effective alternative way of policing with direct effects on crime and student's outcomes. Exploiting both spatial and temporal variation in the implementation of the program, we find that the presence of guards results in lower levels of crime, with violent crime declining by 14% on average. The rate of absenteeism is estimated to decline by 2.5 percentage points. We find no evidence of spillovers of crime to areas that are not along the Safe Passage routes. Details: Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2017. 68p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed October 17, 2017 at: https://ignaciomsarmiento.github.io/assets/Safe_Passage_WP.pdf Year: 2017 Country: United States URL: https://ignaciomsarmiento.github.io/assets/Safe_Passage_WP.pdf Shelf Number: 147713 Keywords: Police School Safety School Security Security Guards |
Author: United Nations Regional Centre for Peace, Disarmament and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean Title: Armed Private Security in Latin America and the Caribbean: Oversight and accountability in an evolving context. Regional Study Summary: DCAF and the United Nations Regional Centre for Peace, Disarmament and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean (UNLIREC) have undertaken a regional study on armed private security in Latin America and the Caribbean, aimed at presenting an updated picture of the private security sector as well as the challenges the sector faces in terms of regulation and small arms control. The private security industry in Latin America and the Caribbean has grown significantly over the last 20 years. The study identified 16,174 private security companies in the region, with more than 2,450,000 legal employees working as security guards. Looking across the region, a number of important challenges can be identified in relation to the armed private security sector. These include a lack of specific and complete legal frameworks; informal private security markets; absence of a whole-of-government approach to regulation and oversight; insufficient institutional capacities for regulation and oversight; unclearly defined training requirements for PSC and their personnel; and the physical security and weapons management of PSCs. This newly gained knowledge is intended to support policy makers, national authorities and industry actors in their efforts to revise and strengthen their approaches to private security oversight and regulation in line with international standards and best practices. Strengthening private security regulation in the region contributes to reinforce both the rule of law and citizen security Details: Partnerships division of DCAF and the Public Security Programme of UNLIREC, 2016. 104p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 3, 2018 at: http://www.ppps.dcaf.ch/sites/default/files/uploads/FINAL%20DCAF%20UNLIREC_Armed%20Private%20Security%20in%20Latin%20America%20and%20the%20Caribbean_Oversight%20and%20Accountability%20in%20an%20Evolving%20Context%202016.pdf Year: 2016 Country: Latin America URL: http://www.ppps.dcaf.ch/sites/default/files/uploads/FINAL%20DCAF%20UNLIREC_Armed%20Private%20Security%20in%20Latin%20America%20and%20the%20Caribbean_Oversight%20and%20Accountability%20in%20an%20Evolving%20Context%202016.pdf Shelf Number: 149663 Keywords: Private Police Private Security Security Guards |
Author: Gichanga, Margaret W. Title: Canine Protection: Dogs and Dog Handlers in the South African Private Security Industry Summary: The renewed interest in the regulation of dogs and dog handlers in the private security industry in South Africa represents a bold leap forward envisioned in imminent amendments to the Private Security Industry Regulatory Act 56 of 2001, in the form of the Private Security Industry Regulatory Bill of 2012. The Bill is currently awaiting signature from the President of the Republic, after which it will become law. The Bill underpins certain research imperatives that are intended to articulate the strengths and weaknesses of the current legislation in order to reinforce and curtail these, respectively. Clause 35 21 A (o) of the Amendment Bill seeks to emphasize that the Minister is intended to make regulations relating to 'the training, registration, transportation and general care of working animals by security service providers and other persons who employ security officers, in connection with rendering a security service, as well as the registration of training centers with regard thereto.' The PSIRA Act 56 of 2001 is the legislative point of reference for the regulation of private security services and signaled the formation of the Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSIRA) to ensure the implementation of the prescripts of the Act. This report analyzes the regulatory approach towards the dogs and dog handling sector of the private security industry. The aim is to identify the shortcomings in this approach and address these to facilitate enhanced regulation of this sector that is conducive to, ensuring proper care of dogs and proper working conditions for security officers employed as dog handlers. Understanding what entails in the regulation of dogs and dog handlers in the private security industry will form the point of departure for this research report. Details: Johannesburg: Private Security Industry Regulatory Authority (PSiRA), 2015. 57p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 15, 2019 at: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/Canine_Protection-Dogs%20and_Dog-Handlers_31March2015.pdf Year: 2015 Country: South Africa URL: https://www.psira.co.za/psira/dmdocuments/research/Canine_Protection-Dogs%20and_Dog-Handlers_31March2015.pdf Shelf Number: 154984 Keywords: Animal Welfare Canine Patrol Private Security Industry Security Guards |